The Katholikon of the Holy Monastery of Docheiariou is constructed in the Athonite or Hagiorite style. It follows the layout of a cross-in-square church with a complex four-columned design. In addition to the central dome, two smaller domes are found at the lateral compartments of the sanctuary (prothesis and diaconicon), with lateral choirs and two narthexes. The inner narthex (lite) is four-columned with two domes on the side aisles. On the western side, the church features an exonarthex in the form of a roofed portico, extending to the base of the belfry situated in the northwest corner of the church. Adjacent to the church on its northern side is the chapel of the Holy Forty Martyrs.

The restoration works involve replacing the lead sheet roof coverings, reinforcing the masonry walls with grout injections, reinforcing the dome structures, cleaning the external facades, regrouting the joints, restoring the coating on the northern side, and replacing the metal and wooden elements.